Oil Drilling and Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Essay

Oil Drilling and Arctic National Wildlife Refuge - Essay Example al Plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge: Updated Assessment, states that the coastal plain region harboring the 1.5 million-acre 1002 Area is "the largest unexplored, potential productive onshore basin in the United States." The oil industry has long argued in favor of the drilling for oil in the ANWR, but the idea was unpopular for decades among many members of the public and the U.S. government and no drilling was permitted. (Botkin and Keller, 2003) Analysis of Benefits and Costs As with all industrial developments especially in oil projects, issues actually revolve on just two opposing forces: environmental and social impacts. We are aware that ecological importance has become a major issue that must be included in our ventures due to the fact that we can not tolerate pollution anymore. However, most job generating and welfare increasing measures are only possible with the introduction of business that may have environmental repercussions. This dilemma is further highlighted by the ANWR issue. In this section, we take a look at the arguments in favor and not in favor of drilling in the ANWR. Arguments in Favor of Drilling a) The United States need s the oil and it will help us to be more independent on imported oil In the introduction, it was mentioned that oil prices rose dramatically in the United States due to problems in supply and legislation. However, this was actually just the fourth oil shock since 1973. The first one occurred when the Arab oil embargo of 1973-1974 occurred. Arab oil producing countries cut back productions and imposed an oil embargo on shipments forcing Americans to wait in lines to receive limited amounts of gasoline. Prices of oil more than doubled. The second occurred in 1978 with the overthrow of the Shah of Iran which... After having known both sides of a coin, we are now in a position to state our recommendation. In many industrial issues, a point where both sides supposedly found equal footing has been made. Suffice it to say, the developments pushed thru. In this study, however, we cannot find such point because in the developments where they were able to find one, immediate and long term environmental degradation became prominent. For sure, developments will bring about wealth and increased economic activity and we certainly do not want our country to be dictated by other countries. However, hard science and numerous experiences have proven that the development can negatively affect the wilderness as what had happened to Prudhoe Bay. Once development starts, there will be no stopping companies and those who benefits from it from finding a way to skip all those legal limitations. The development is actually a black hole problem where development results to further developments which results to fur ther expansion and so on and so forth. Congress voted not to drill in 2002. I agree with them. It is not that I do not want Alaskans to prosper. It is because there are technologies available already which are cleaner and greener. Alternative energy sources such as solar, geothermal and wind power are proving themselves to be business friendly and sufficient for customer demand.

Aerospace Engineers :: essays research papers

Aerospace engineers examine, analyze, design, produce, and occasionally install components that make up aircraft, spacecraft, high-altitude vehicles, and high-altitude delivery systems (missiles). Satisfaction with the romantic image of rocket building can buoy many engineers through the highly anonymous work environments that many of them face. Individuals don't assemble rockets; teams do, dozens of teams working in highly supervised coordination. An aerospace engineer plays some part on one of the teams, spending more of her time (roughly 70 percent) in a lab, at a computer, and assembling reports than doing anything else. Not being able to see the "big picture" frustrates some professionals. The path to becoming an aerospace engineer is a rigorous one, but those who manage to survive the difficult lift-off emerge with an above-average degree of career satisfaction. Academic requirements are strict and wide-ranging: Physics, chemistry, computer science, mathematics, materials science, statistics and engineering courses provide the base for any aspiring rocket scientist. Some colleges offer a degree in aerospace engineering; others offer a more generalized engineering degree with some coursework in aerospace engineering. These courses might include aerospace guidance systems, extreme-altitude material science, and the physics of high-altitude radiation. Internships, summer jobs, and any experience in the field are helpful, as entry into this industry is highly competitive. Many aspirants may need to relocate to California, Washington State, or Texas, where the majority of defense industry aerospace work is done, to work for companies such as NASA, Boeing and Lockheed Martin.Two years into their job an aerospace engineer can be planning on being Junior members of research staff are swamped with work, both in the lab and in offices, crunching data and organizing research. More like "lab assistants," their early years are marked by relatively menial tasks (testing of equipment, tracking results) with little input into the testing or recommendation process. Average hours and pay characterize these environments, but education continues apace. Few people leave the profession during these years; the hours already devoted in school make it easier to tolerate these few extra workplace indignities. And in about five years one will be leading research teams and turn into people managers as well as project managers. This is an unanticipated turn of events for some, as it removes them from the challenging, intellectually rarefied environment they enjoy and places them in a more administrative role. Most significant design and production work is done in these years.

Learning and behavior

1. Define classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Identify the basic procedures of both types of conditioning. Identify and discuss the similarities and differences between the two types.  Traditionally, theories of conditioning have come to mean that learning takes place when two or more events are associated because they occur together. Scientific references to classical conditioning are commonly associated with Ivan P. Pavlov (1849-1936) as he was the first person to discuss issues related to classical conditioning with others in the scientific community.   Classical conditioning is a form of learning in which two stimulus events are associated.   Typically, a conditioned stimulus (CS) is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (US) that naturally produces an unconditioned response (UR).   The result is that the conditioned stimulus acquires the capacity to elicit a new response (the conditioned response, or CR) that is similar in form to the unconditioned response. On the other hand, Skinner (1953) developed the method of conditioning through what has been termed operant or instrumental conditioning. Skinner’s version of instrumental conditioning, called operant conditioning, is a technologically based model that has generated a great deal of research.  Ã‚   Operant conditioning involves voluntary behavior emitted by the learner which may be reinforced by its consequence.   In operant conditioning, whether a response occurs in the future depends upon the nature of the contingency.   If a response makes life better for the individual, it will likely occur in the future.   If it makes life worse, it will likely not occur again in the future.   Thus, operant conditioning makes use of reinforcements. The basic theory of both conditioning is behaviorism, which was formulated by the American behaviorists John B. Watson.   This theory has been described as an evolutionary, psychological doctrine developed to support the evolutionistic theories of knowledge.   It holds that all man’s behavior, mental states and processes have a purely physiological origin and function consisting of neurological, glandular, and other bodily responses to sensory stimuli; and that under proper stimulation can be appropriately conditioned to produce any desired response. Both classical and operant conditionings involve acquisition, extinction, spontaneous recovery, generalization, and discrimination.  Ã‚   Yet their difference is straightforward: Classical conditioning involves respondent behavior- reflexive behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus.   Operant conditioning on the other hand, involves voluntary (nonreflexive) action, called operant behavior because the act operates on the environment to produce rewarding or pushing stimuli. 2. Identify two real-life experiences in which learning principles can apply. Discuss each experience and the principles of learning that are applicable. Be sure to fully explain each of the learning concepts that apply to these two experiences. Identify ways in which learning in the two experiences can be inhibited and improved. Pavlov’s principles of classical conditioning apply to human health and well-being.   For example, former crack cocaine apply often feel a craving when they again encounter cues (people, places) associated with previous highs.   Thus, drug addicts are advised to steer clear of settings associated with the euphorbia of previous drug use.   Classical conditioning even works upon the body’s disease-fighting system.   When, say, a particular taste accompanies a drug that influences immune responses, the taste by itself may come to produce an immune response. Everyday applications of operant conditioning are the experiments comparing computer-assisted instruction (CAI) to traditional classroom instruction suggest that, for some drill and practice tasks, the computer can indeed be more effective.  Ã‚   According to Skinner, â€Å"Good instruction demands two things,† he said.   â€Å"Students must be told immediately whether what they do is right or wrong and, when right, they must be directed to the step to be taken.† References Bolles R. C. (1989). Learning theory (2nd ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. Bower G. H., & Hilgard E. R. (1981). Theories of learning (5th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Domjan M. (1998). The principles of learning and behavior (4th ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.

The Salman Khan s Speech - 1023 Words

Ingrid Hernandez Professor Alfred English 1303 September 30, 2014 Salman Khan Strong Response: Let’s use video to reinvent education Salman Khan was featured in a TEDTalk convention to deliver his speech, â€Å"Let’s use video to reinvent education†. As founder of Khan Academy, he reaches out to an audience about a technological innovation that can transform students’ learning. He effectively focuses his speech on how the use of online teaching videos can create one global wide classroom. As technology continues to advance over the years, Khan has pioneered a new educational approach that can benefit students and educators worldwide. Although Khan successfully informs the audience by setting himself up as a credible source on how online educational videos have the potential to revolutionize the educational system and prove to be an effective component in the learning process, Khan weakens his claim by dismissing the different learning styles of students and overlooking the financial aspect to using this technology. Khan begins his speech by signifying how the Khan Academy was established and why it can work for all individuals. The Khan Academy is known for its notorious online educational videos that are used by students all over the world. His idea derived from when he was â€Å"tutoring [his] cousins in New Orleans, remotely† (Khan 1:09). Having such a distance between his cousins and himself, he found a clever way to tutor them by uploading videos on YouTube. This methodShow MoreRelatedEvolution of Indian Cinema3329 Words   |  14 Pagesmost popular being socials, films which addressed the social problems of citizens in the newly developing  state. This era saw the emergence of director/producers such as Raj Kapoor (Shree 420 /The  Fraud  1955), Guru Dutt (Pyaasa/Thirst 1957), Mehboob Khan (Mother  India 1957), BR Chopra (Naya Daur /A New Age 1957) and Bimal Roy (Madhumati1958). Meanwhile, Satyajit Ray, who made his first film, Pather Panchali /Song of the road, in 1955 with help from the West Bengal  government, established himself asRead MoreUse of Celebrities in Endorsements5625 Words   |  23 Pagesfull use of this opportunity. Most of the countries have adopted this strategy as an effective marketing tool and even India is carving out space for itself in this arena. The present study attempts to meet three objectives: †¢ to identify the mode/s in which a celebrity is depicted in Indian television commercials †¢ to ascertain relationship (if any) between the category of product endorsed and the type of celebrity used †¢ to identify the correspondence between product categories and mode ofRead MoreBusiness Journalism in India26104 Words   |  105 Pagesmarkets, with governments scrambling to prop up banks, broaden guarantees for deposits and agree on a coordinated response. Origins The roots of the credit crisis stretch back to another notable boom-and-bust: the tech bubble of the late 1990’s. When the stock market began a steep decline in 2000 and the nation slipped into recession the next year, the Federal Reserve sharply lowered interest rates to limit the economic damage. Lower interest rates make mortgage payments cheaper, and demandRead MoreRise and Decline of the Muslim Ummah9373 Words   |  38 Pagesthe Jews and which He meted out to them overtook the Muslim Ummah. The following Divine warning was fulfilled exactly: We sent against you our servants, given to terrible. warfare. They entered the very i1~11ost parts of your homes and ~ O W ~ I S . (Al-Qur an 17 : 5 ) In this connection, large armies of Crusaders swarmed from the West and in 1099, not only the sanctity of Al-Aqsa Mosque was defiled, there was also a massacre in Jerusalem on such a vast scale that even the Western historiansRead MoreThe Global Financial Crisis: Can Islamic Finance Help Minimize the Severity and Frequency of Such a Crisis in the Future?9902 Words   |  40 PagesMuhammad Rashid for the excellent secretarial assistance he has provided. He is also grateful to Bashir Khallat, Acting Director of IRTI, for the encouragement and support he has provided and to his colleagues, Drs. Sami alSuwailem, Tariqullah Khan and Salman Syed Ali for their valuable comments on an earlier draft. ABSTRACT The paper tries to determine the primary cause or causes of the financial crises that have plagued almost every country around the world over the last three decades. Of particularRead MorePerformance Evaluation of Ific Bank13303 Words   |  54 Pagesactivities enquiry in any moment 4.   Statement request through ATM/Debit/Credit Card 5.   Transfer own funds to other account number in same bank 6.   Present Balance enquiry 7.   More than16-hours shopping facilities 8.   Deposit or Mail cash or cheque(s) (Cross cheque) through mechanical device. 9.   Changing Personal Identity Number 10. Cash deposit which will originally deposit very next day of deposit that means do not need to go to the branch for every occasion. 11. Mini statement which contain